An updated checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of the Czech Republic

The ant fauna of the Czech Republic is a well-documented local fauna within Europe. The last comprehensive checklist of the Czech Republic was published ten years ago (Werner et Wiezik 2007). An updated list of ants of the Czech Republic came out five years ago (Bezděčka et Bezděčková 2012), but it was only in Czech and published in a source little known outside the Czech Republic. A bilingual list of Czech ants was given in a book concerning ants in Czech museum collections (Bezděčka et Bezděčková 2011), but this book was published in a limited print run, being primarily intended for a specific group of users, employees of museums. A historical overview of research into the Czech ant fauna is available from the list by Werner et Wiezik (2007).
In the past decade, ant taxonomy has undergone a number of changes and also our knowledge of European ants in some previously poorly studied genera or groups of species has considerably deepened. In 2009, a revision of the Formica rufibarbis species group (Seifert et Schultz 2009) was published. In 2010, a comprehensive revision of the genus Myrmica for all species of the so-called Old World came out (Radchenko et Elmes 2010). In 2012, an overview of the West Palaearctic species of the genus Bothriomyrmex and also a study of European (except for Mediterranean) species of the genus Tapinoma was published (Seifert 2012a,b). Further, Seifert (2013) published a paper on the Central European species of the genus Hypoponera. In 2015, a review of the Ponto-
-Mediterranean species of the Temnothorax nylanderi species group (Csősz et al. 2015) was published. Recently, Wagner et al. (2017) published a study of the taxonomy of cryptic species of Tetramorium caespitum complex.
Moreover, phylogenetic studies of the subfamilies Myrmicinae and Formicinae (Ward et al. 2015, 2016a) have been published, which have led to some fundamental changes on the genus level based on strict application of the criterion of monophyly. However, some of these changes in subfamily Myrmicinae have not met with a positive response from a number of myrmecologists (see, for example, Seifert et al. 2016).
In the past ten years, our knowledge of the Czech ant fauna has increased: the list of Czech ants has been expanded by several new items and also by the confirmation of some controversial reports.
All above mentioned facts lead us to believe that an updated, critical list of Czech ants, based on confirmed and reliable data, will be a useful tool for further study of the ant fauna, not only in the Czech Republic, but also in Central Europe and elsewhere. Besides native species, we also provide a list of introduced species.

The list presented here is largely based on the previous list by Werner et Wiezik (2007). It is supplemented by findings published in the last decade (Bezděčka et Bezděčková 2009, Klimeš et Okrouhlík 2015, Pech 2010a,b, 2014, Pech et Werner 2008, Vodka et al. 2010) and by some data unpublished to date [e.g. Camponotus atricolor (Nylander, 1849)]. All provided data are supported by voucher material stored in Czech museums or in the private collections of the authors, except data for Tetramorium immigrans Santschi, 1927 and Tetramorium staerckei Kratochvíl, 1944, which are based on the paper by Wagner et al. (2017). A basic review of ants in the Czech museum collections can be found in the bilingual (Czech and English) book by Bezděčka et Bezděčková (2011). Besides a total of about 130,000 specimens from museums, more than 50,000 and about 60,000 specimens deposited in the private collections of authors P. Werner and P. Pech, respectively, have been taken into account.
The classification and nomenclature used here generally follows Bolton (2018), with some exceptions mentioned in commentaries to individual species and in the Discussion. Subspecies have been omitted because of their frequently uncertain taxonomical status. The taxa are arranged alphabetically. Mainly for practical reasons (clarity of nomenclature) and maintaining a certain degree of precaution, we have decided not to accept some changes in the Myrmicinae family proposed by Ward et al. (2015).
Some synonyms, the inclusion of which we consider relevant for easier understanding, are cited indented and in square brackets. A complete list of synonyms can be found, for example, in Bolton (2018) or in the relevant taxonomic literature. Since some species were stated under another name in the list by Werner et Wiezik (2007), their names are here, similarly to synonyms, given in square brackets in indentations. To distinguish them from synonyms they are supplied by the note: “In Werner et Wiezik 2007”. Any additional information, problems or inconsistencies are mentioned under Comments following the list (commented species are marked with an asterisk in parentheses in the list). The list of non-indigenous species contains only species occurring for a longer time or at multiple sites in the Czech Republic. Random finds and one-off imports are not included.

In total, the presence of 111 outdoor species has been confirmed in the Czech Republic until now.

Formicidae
Dolichoderinae
Bothriomyrmex communista Santschi, 1919 *)
[Bothriomyrmex corsicus mohelensis Novák, 1941] Bothriomyrmex corsicus Santschi, 1923 *)
[Bothriomyrmex meridionalis ssp. gibbus Soudek, 1925] Dolichoderus quadripunctatus (Linnaeus, 1771)
Liometopum microcephalum (Panzer, 1798)
Tapinoma erraticum (Latreille, 1798)
Tapinoma subboreale Seifert, 2012
[Tapinoma ambiguum: In Werner et Wiezik 2007]

Formicinae
Camponotus aethiops (Latreille, 1798)
Camponotus atricolor (Nylander, 1849) *)
Camponotus fallax (Nylander, 1856)
Camponotus herculeanus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Camponotus ligniperda (Latreille, 1802)
Camponotus piceus (Leach, 1825)
Camponotus vagus (Scopoli, 1763)
Colobopsis truncata (Spinola, 1808) *)
[Camponotus truncatus (Spinola, 1808)] Formica aquilonia Yarrow, 1955
Formica cinerea Mayr, 1853
Formica clara Forel, 1886 *)
[Formica lusatica Seifert, 1997] Formica cunicularia Latreille, 1798
Formica exsecta Nylander, 1846
Formica foreli Bondroit, 1918
Formica fusca Linnaeus, 1758
Formica gagates Latreille, 1798
Formica lemani Bondroit, 1917
Formica lugubris Zetterstedt, 1838
Formica picea Nylander, 1846
Formica polyctena Foerster, 1850
Formica pratensis Retzius, 1783
Formica pressilabris Nylander, 1846
Formica rufa Linnaeus, 1761
Formica rufibarbis Fabricius, 1793
Formica sanguinea Latreille, 1798
Formica truncorum Fabricius, 1804
Lasius alienus (Foerster, 1850)
Lasius austriacus Schlick-Steiner, Steiner, Schödl et Seifert, 2003
Lasius bicornis (Foerster, 1850)
Lasius brunneus (Latreille, 1798)
Lasius carniolicus Mayr, 1861 *)
Lasius citrinus Emery, 1922
Lasius distinguendus (Emery, 1916)
Lasius emarginatus (Olivier, 1792)
Lasius flavus (Fabricius, 1782)
Lasius fuliginosus (Latreille, 1798)
Lasius jensi Seifert, 1982
Lasius meridionalis (Bondroit, 1920)
Lasius mixtus (Nylander, 1846)
Lasius myops Forel, 1894 *)
Lasius niger (Linnaeus, 1758)
Lasius nitidigaster Seifert, 1996
Lasius paralienus Seifert, 1992 *)
Lasius platythorax Seifert, 1991
Lasius psammophilus Seifert, 1992
Lasius reginae Faber, 1967
Lasius sabularum (Bondroit, 1918)
Lasius umbratus (Nylander, 1846)
Plagiolepis pygmaea (Latreille, 1798)
Plagiolepis vindobonensis Lomnicki, 1925
Plagiolepis xene Stärcke, 1936
Polyergus rufescens (Latreille, 1798)

Myrmicinae
Anergates atratulus (Schenck, 1852) *)
Aphaenogaster subterranea (Latreille, 1798)
Formicoxenus nitidulus (Nylander, 1846)
Harpagoxenus sublaevis (Nylander, 1849)
Leptothorax acervorum (Fabricius, 1793)
Leptothorax gredleri Mayr, 1855
Leptothorax muscorum (Nylander, 1846)
Manica rubida (Latreille, 1802)
Messor structor (Latreille, 1798)
Myrmecina graminicola (Latreille, 1802)
Myrmoxenus ravouxi (André, 1896) *)
Myrmica curvithorax Bondroit, 1920 *)
[Myrmica salina: In Werner et Wiezik 2007] [Myrmica slovaca Sadil, 1952] Myrmica deplanata Emery, 1921
[Myrmica lacustris: In Werner et Wiezik 2007] Myrmica gallienii Bondroit, 1920
Myrmica hirsuta Elmes, 1978
Myrmica karavajevi (Arnol’di, 1930)
Myrmica lobicornis Nylander, 1846
Myrmica lonae Finzi, 1926 *)
Myrmica rubra (Linnaeus, 1758)
Myrmica ruginodis Nylander, 1846
Myrmica rugulosa Nylander, 1849
Myrmica sabuleti Meinert, 1861
Myrmica scabrinodis Nylander, 1846
Myrmica schencki Viereck, 1903
Myrmica specioides Bondroit, 1918
Myrmica sulcinodis Nylander, 1846
Myrmica vandeli Bondroit, 1920
Solenopsis fugax (Latreille, 1798)
Stenamma debile (Foerster, 1850)
Strongylognathus kratochvili Šilhavý, 1937
Strongylognathus testaceus (Schenck, 1852)
Temnothorax affinis (Mayr, 1855)
Temnothorax clypeatus (Mayr, 1853)
Temnothorax corticalis (Schenck, 1852)
Temnothorax crassispinus (Karavaiev, 1926)
Temnothorax interruptus (Schenck, 1852)
Temnothorax jailensis (Arnol’di, 1977) *)
Temnothorax nigriceps (Mayr, 1855)
Temnothorax parvulus (Schenck, 185
Temnothorax saxonicus (Seifert, 1995) *)
Temnothorax tuberum (Fabricius, 1775)
Temnothorax unifasciatus (Latreille, 1798)
Tetramorium caespitum (Linnaeus, 1758)
Tetramorium ferox Ruzsky, 1903
Tetramorium hungaricum Röszler, 1935 *)
Tetramorium immigrans Santschi, 1927 *)
[Tetramorium sp. E
(sensu Schlick-Steiner et al. 2006) ] Tetramorium impurum (Foerster, 1850)
Tetramorium moravicum Kratochvíl, 1941 *)
Tetramorium staerckei Kratochvíl, 1944 *)
Ponerinae
Hypoponera punctatissima (Roger, 1859)
Ponera coarctata (Latreille, 1802)
Ponera testacea Emery, 1895

Proceratiinae
Proceratium melinum (Roger, 1860)

Tapinoma melanocephalum (Fabricius, 1793) (see Klimeš et Okrouhlík 2015)
Technomyrmex vitiensis Mann, 1921 (see Pech et Bezděk 2016)
Monomorium pharaonis (Linnaeus, 1758) (see Soudek 1922)
Tetramorium insolens (F. Smith, 1861) New record: Praha, Botanical garden of Charles University, 8.10.2014, 26 workers, P. Pech lgt., det. et coll.
Hypoponera ergatandria (Forel, 1893) (see Pech 2014)

Bothriomyrmex Emery, 1869
The systematics of the European species of the genus Bothriomyrmex had not been satisfactorily resolved until the last revision by Seifert (2012a). We follow this study which listed two species for the Czech Republic. B. corsicus has been found at several localities in southern Moravia, B. communista has been recorded, as we know, only in the serpentine steppe near Mohelno.

Camponotus atricolor (Nylander, 1849)
Material examined: Czech Republic, Moravia, Kurdějov, Kamenný vrch Nature Monument, 48.9658°N,16.7514°E, xerothermic mosaic of grasslands and shrubs, 10. V. 2008, one worker, P. Pech lgt., det. et coll., B. Seifert revid.; 25.
V. 2015, one worker, P. Pech lgt., det. et coll.
Bolton (2018) regards C. atricolor to be a junior synonym of C. piceus, but some myrmecologists (e.g. Seifert 2007) consider it a valid name of a good species and we also tend to this view. The species was reported from the Czech Republic in the past, but revision of part of the voucher material has revealed misidentification of C. piceus. Currently, revised C. atricolor material is known from only one site in the Czech Republic. The distribution area of the species covers Turkey and the Balkans, reaching up to Central Europe. The Moravian site given above is the northernmost known locality of this species.

Colobopsis truncata (Spinola, 1808)
Ward et al. (2016a) raised Colobopsis Mayr, 1861, a former subgenus of Camponotus Mayr, 1861, to genus level, so we follow this new status. C. truncata is quite common in southern Moravia, but it is much rarer in Bohemia, where it had been known from only a few sites until recently. A relatively abundant occurrence was recently observed in north-western Bohemia (Poohří region, Vohralík et Werner 2016).
Formica clara Forel, 1886
In the previous checklist (Werner et Wiezik 2007) this species was placed under the name Formica lusatica Seifert, 1997 and confirmed for Slovakia. We follow here the synonymization of F. lusatica with F. clara (see Seifert et Schultz 2009). Formica clara has in the meantime also been found in the Czech Republic (Pech et Werner 2008) – on bare, micro-climatically extreme soils of dumps in north-western Bohemia (Horní Jiřetín). Its occurrence in this habitat has already been known for about ten years (last finding in material from pitfall traps of O. Čížek 2017, det. P. Pech). However, the species is probably present also at other sites of the Czech Republic, being neglected due to difficult identification (confusion with the more common species Formica cunicularia and F. rufibarbis).

Lasius carniolicus Mayr, 1861
So far, a single record from the Czech Republic (central Bohemia, Pech 2010b) is known, comprising several workers captured in pitfall traps. A colony of this species has not yet been found.

Lasius myops Forel, 1894
Occurrence of this species on Czech territory is mentioned in literature, but a revision of voucher material had not been carried out for long time. Owing to the easy confusion with the much more abundant L. flavus, it was stated as uncertain in the previous list (Werner et Wiezik 2007). Since that time, voucher specimens have been examined by B. Seifert and data have been published by Pech (2010a). Currently, we also know a number of unpublished records.

Lasius paralienus Seifert, 1992
Recently, Seifert et Galkowski (2016) revealed the existence of three cryptic species within the West Palaearctic Lasius paralienus species complex: Lasius paralienus Seifert, 1992, L. casevitzi Seifert et Galkowski, 2016 and Lasius bombycina Seifert et Galkowski, 2016. Revision of voucher material has not yet been completed, and so we can confirm only the presence of L. paralienus on the Czech territory. Nevertheless, owing to finds in adjacent areas of eastern Austria, the occurrence of L. bombycina is very probable also in southern Moravia.

Anergates atratulus (Schenck, 1852)
Ward et al. (2015) proposed synonymization of the name Anergates with Tetramorium. However, this topic is still discussed within the myrmecological community (Seifert et al. 2016, Ward et al. 2016b, Kiran et al. 2017). Opponents (Seifert et al. 2016) say that even if being a monotypic clade, it appears reasonable for us to maintain a separate generic name for this species because it shows a morphology and behaviour dramatically deviating from Tetramorium. Additionally, they point at possible confusion caused by such a change. Thus we do not follow this change proposed by Ward et al. (2015) in our checklist.
Myrmica curvithorax Bondroit, 1920
The naming of this species has been complicated and summarization of its history would exceed the objectives of this work (for details see e.g. Radchenko et Elmes 2010). Because of the widespread use of M. slovaca and doubts about the origin of the holotype specimen of M. curvithorax, Radchenko et Elmes (2010) stated that they would address the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature with the proposal to suppress the name M. curvithorax and consider M. slovaca the valid name (based on Articles 23.9.1.1, 23.9.1.2 and 23.9.2 of ICZN 1999). However, this proposal has not been discussed yet. The biology and occurrence of M. curvithorax in the Czech Republic were reported by Pech (2013) and Bezděčková et Bezděčka
(2016).

Myrmica lonae Finzi, 1926
Werner et Wiezik (2007) reported two sites of this species in the Czech Republic. Now, it is known from several additional localities in Bohemia and Moravia. Its occurrence is probably more abundant, but it can easily be confused with the closely related and very similar species M. sabuleti.

Myrmoxenus ravouxi (André, 1896)
Ward et al. (2015) proposed to synonymize Myrmoxenus with Temnothorax. For the same reasons as in Anergates, we do not follow this view at the present time. A number of taxonomists are of the opinion that when synonymizing Myrmoxenus with Temnothorax, it will no longer be possible to communicate multiple biological differences between the groups without complicated linguistic constructions (Seifert et al. 2016).

Temnothorax jailensis (Arnol’di, 1977)
So far, only a few finds from the Czech Republic (from flight intercept traps in the valley of the Dyje River in southern Moravia, see Vodka et al. 2010; additional unpublished finds in coll. of P. Werner) are known. This strictly arboricolous, considerably thermophilic species may be overlooked due to its hidden life.

Temnothorax saxonicus (Seifert, 1995)
We use the name T. saxonicus here in contrast to the paper of Csősz et al. (2015), who supposed synonymy with Temnothorax tergestinus (Finzi, 1928). However, at present, this taxonomic change is being discussed (B. Seifert, pers. comm.) and so we maintain the name saxonicus until the problem is resolved.

Tetramorium caespitum complex
Werner et Wiezik (2007) commented the problematic taxonomic situation of these taxa. Currently, a study by Wagner et al. (2017) has solved many problems within the Central European cryptic species of this complex. Following this work, we newly report Tetramorium staerckei – formerly considered a synonym of T. impurum but released from synonymy and redescribed by Wagner et al. (2017) for the Czech Republic. For the same reason, we use the name Tetramorium immigrans instead of Tetramorium sp. E (sensu Schlick-Steiner et al. 2006).

Tetramorium hungaricum Röszler, 1935
So far, this species is only known from a single find on Czech territory (southern Moravia, Bezděčka et Bezděčková 2009).

Tetramorium immigrans Santschi, 1927
See the note on the Tetramorium caespitum complex.

Tetramorium moravicum Kratochvíl, 1941
The description of this species had been originally prepared by Josef Kratochvíl for publishing in the proceedings on the fauna of the Mohelno serpentine steppe. However, this was released later (Kratochvíl 1944) than the identification key by Novák et Sadil (1941), which included a short description of this taxon based on Kratochvíl’s manuscript and citing Kratochvíl as the author of the new name. Therefore, the description by Novák et Sadil (1941) has priority over the description by Kratochvíl, but must include the author’s name of Kratochvíl, and not Novák et Sadil as given in Bolton (2018).

Tetramorium staerckei Kratochvíl, 1944
See the note on the Tetramorium caespitum complex.

Werner et Wiezik (2007) mentioned 104 outdoor ant species for the Czech Republic. The list presented here includes 111 species, which means an increase by seven species. The occurrence of Lasius myops and Camponotus atricolor, regarded as uncertain in the previous list, has been confirmed. The species Formica clara, Lasius carniolicus, Temnothorax jailensis and Tetramorium hungaricum have been newly reported as well as Tetramorium staerckei, formerly considered to be a synonym of T. impurum.
We would like to point out that unconfirmed information on the occurrence of additional species in the Czech territory repeatedly appears in some printed publications and internet sources (e.g. Borowiec 2014, Antmaps.org, Antweb.org). We cannot deal with all discrepancies in detail, therefore we mention only some of them. Borowiec (2014) mentioned the occurrence of Formica uralensis Ruzsky, 1895 in the Czech Republic, but we consider it to be very unlikely. We know neither voucher material nor a field record, despite the fact that Bezděčková et Bezděčka surveyed a large number of habitats (especially peat bogs, see e.g. Bezděčková et Bezděčka 2011) suitable for this species.
Further, occurrence of Myrmica constricta Karavaiev, 1929 in the Czech Republic has been repeatedly published (e.g. Radchenko et Elmes 2010), but it has not been supported by confirmed data. Although the presence of this species is very probable here, we cannot list it until voucher material is available.
In older Czech myrmecological literature, we can find certain data on the occurrence of taxa not mentioned here, mainly various subspecific forms. Some of them have already been commented on and corrected in previous works (e.g. Werner et Wiezik 2007). Unless relevant voucher material is available, it is usually very difficult to interpret older faunistic data. The case of Temnothorax albipennis (Curtis 1854) represents a typical example: its occurrence was published in Kratochvíl’s study of ants of the Mohelno serpentine steppe (Kratochvíl 1944) under the name Leptothorax interruptus var. tubero-interruptus. We have attempted to find voucher material, but our effort has not been successful. Therefore, we have not included this species into our list, although its presence on the Czech territory has some degree of probability. Unfortunately, it is not possible to comment all such disputable cases in this work. As we have already mentioned, we have listed here only species, the occurrence of which is supported by voucher material.
The Czech Republic belongs to the smaller European countries by its area (ca. 78,000 km2). It comprises four zoogeographical sub-provinces: Hercynian, West Carpathian, North-Pannonian and Polonian (see, for example, Culek et al. 1996). Its altitude ranges from 115 to 1603 m. There are planar to alpine floral and faunal zones in the area, the only one missing is the nival zone. All of this, together with the complicated development of the quaternary climate, contributes to a relatively large diversity, but there are strong regional differences in the country. The richest area is southern Moravia, a small part of which falls into the North-Pannonian subprovince. The poorest are, as expected, higher altitudes in the mountain ranges on the country’s borderline.
The Czech territory shares borders with four countries (Germany, Poland, Slovakia and Austria). Comparing the Czech myrmecofauna with the ant faunas of the neighbouring countries, for example by using the Jaccard’s index, we find the highest similarity for the pair Czech Republic – Slovakia (ca. 85 %), followed by Austria (77 %), Poland (75 %) and Germany (72 %). The stated numbers are only indicative, based on the last published checklists (Austria: Steiner et al. 2002, Germany: Seifert 2007, Slovakia: Werner et Wiezik 2007, Poland: Czechowski et al. 2012), partially updated with available data.
The list proposed here is certainly not definitive. It can be assumed that some of the following species will be found in the Czech Republic: Lasius balcanicus Seifert, 1988, Lasius bombycina Seifert et Galkowski, 2016, Lasius neglectus Van Loom, Boomsma et Andrasfalvy, 1990, Leptothorax kutteri Buschinger, 1966, Myrmica constricta Karavaiev, 1929, Strumigenys argiola (Emery, 1869), Temnothorax albipennis (Curtis, 1854), Temnothorax turcicus (Santschi, 1934), Tetramorium indocile Santschi, 1927 and others that occur in the neighbouring countries or their close vicinity.

We are grateful to Bernhard Seifert (Görlitz, Germany) for providing valuable information.

• Antmaps.org (2018): Available from http://antmaps.org [26. 1. 2018]. See also: Janicki J., Narula N., Ziegler M., Guénard B. Economo E. P. (2016) Visualizing and interacting with large-volume biodiversity data using client-server web-mapping applications: The design and implementation of antmaps.org. – Ecological Informatics, 32: 185–193.
• AntWeb (2018): Available from https://www.antweb.org [26. 1. 2018].
• Bezděčka P. et Bezděčková K. (2009): The first record of Tetramorium hungaricum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Czech Republic. – Klapalekiana, 45: 177–179.
• Bezděčka P. et Bezděčková K. (2011): Mravenci ve sbírkách českých, moravských a slezských muzeí. Ants in the collections of Czech, Moravian and Silesian museums. – Muzeum Vysočiny, Jihlava, 147 pp. [In Czech and
• English]
• Bezděčka P. et Bezděčková K. (2012): Aktualizovaný seznam mravenců České republiky [An updated list of the ants of the Czech Republic]. – In: Bezděčka P. et Bezděčková K. [eds] 2012: Blanokřídlí v českých zemích a na Slovensku 8, Chaloupky. 1.–3. června 2012, sborník abstraktů z konference.– Muzeum Vysočiny Jihlava, pp. 7–12. [In Czech]
• Bezděčková K. et Bezděčka P. (2011): Ohrožené nelesní druhy mravenců rodu Formica. Formica picea, Formica exsecta, Formica foreli a Formica pressilabris. Endangered nonforest Formica ants. Formica picea, Formica exsecta, Formica foreli and Formica pressilabris. – Muzeum Vysočiny Jihlava, 161 pp. [In Czech and English]
• Bezděčková K. et Bezděčka P. (2016): Zajímavé nálezy mravenců (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) z České republiky. Interesting records of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Czech Republic. – Acta Rerum Naturalium, 19: 23–25. [In Czech, with English abstract]
• Bolton B. (2018): An online catalog of the ants of the world. – Available from http://antcat.org [26. 1. 2018]
• Borowiec L. (2014): Catalogue of ants of Europe, the Mediterranean Basin and adjacent regions (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). – Genus, 25(1–2):1–340. [Special issue – monograph]
• Csősz S., Heinze J. et Mikó I. (2015): Taxonomic synopsis of the Ponto-Mediterranean ants of Temnothorax nylanderi species-group. – PLOS ONE, 10(11): e0140000
• Culek M., Grulich M. et Povolný D. (1996): Biogeografické členění České republiky. [Biogeographical division of the Czech Republic] – Enigma Praha, 347 pp. [In Czech]
• Czechowski W., Radchenko A., Czechowska W. et Vepsäläinen K. (2012): The ants of Poland with reference to the myrmecofauna of Europe – Fauna Poloniae (New series), vol. 4. Warsaw: Natura Optima Dux Foundation,
• 496 pp.
• Kiran K., Karaman C., Lapeva-Gjonova A. et Aksoy V. (2017): Two new species of the “ultimate” parasitic ant genus Teleutomyrmex Kutter, 1950 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Western Palaearctic. – Myrme­cological News, 25: 145–155.
• Klimeš P. et Okrouhlík J. (2015): Invasive ant Tapinoma melanocephalum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): a rare guest or increasingly common indoor pest in Europe? – European Journal of Entomology, 112 : 705–712.
• Kratochvíl J. (1944): Mravenci mohelnské reservace. Rozbor taxonomický, faunisticko-ekologický, sociologický a zoogeografický. [Ants of the Mohelno reserve. A taxonomic, faunistic, ecological, sociological and zoogeographical analysis.] Pp. 9–102. – In: Kratochvíl J., Novák V. et Šnoflák J. [eds]: Mohelno. Soubor prací věnovaných studiu významné památky přírodní. 5. Hymenoptera-Aculeata. Formicidae – Apidae – Sphecidae. (Eine Sammlung von Arbeiten gewidmet dem Studium eines bedeutenden Naturdenkmales. 5. Hymenoptera –Aculeata. Formicidae – Apidae – Sphecidae). – Archiv Svazu na Ochranu Přírody a Domoviny na Moravě, 6: 1–155 [In Czech, German summary].
• Pech P. (2010a): Dva nálezy mravence Lasius myops (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) a potvrzení výskytu tohoto druhu v České republice. Two findings of Lasius myops (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and its confirmed occurrence in the Czech Republic. – Sborník Jihočeského Muzea v Českých Budějovicích, Přírodní vědy, 50: 163–164. [In Czech, with English abstract]
• Pech P. (2010b): Faunistic records from the Czech Republic – 298. Lasius carniolicus Mayr, 1861. – Klapalekiana, 46: 202.
• Pech P. (2013): Myrmica curvithorax (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Czech Republic: a contribution to the knowledge of its distribution and biology. – Klapalekiana, 49: 197–204.
• Pech P. (2014): Faunistic records from the Czech Republic – 364. Hypoponera ergatandria (Forel, 1893). – Klapalekiana, 50: 129.
• Pech P. et Bezděk A. (2016): Ergatomorph wingless males in Technomyrmex vitiensis Mann, 1921 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). – Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 53: 25–34.
• Pech P. et Werner P. (2008): Faunistic records from the Czech Republic-250. Formica lusatica Seifert, 1997. – Klapalekiana, 44: 74.
• Radchenko A.G. et Elmes G.W. (2010): Myrmica ants of the Old World. – Fauna Mundi, 3: 1–789.
• Schlick-Steiner B.C., Steiner F.M., Moder K., Seifert B., Sanetra M., Dyreson E., Stauffer Ch. et Christian E. (2006): A multidisciplinary approach reveals cryptic diversity in Western Palearctic Tetramorium ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). – Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 40: 259–273.
• Seifert B. (2007): Die Ameisen Mittel- und Nordeuropas. – Lutra Verlags – und Vertriebsgesellschaft, 368 pp.
• Seifert B. (2012a): A review of the West Palaearctic species of the ant genus Bothriomyrmex Emery, 1869 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). – Myrmecological News, 17: 91–104.
• Seifert B. (2012b): Clarifying naming and identification of the outdoor species of the ant genus Tapinoma Förster, 1850 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Europe north of the Mediterranean region with description of a new species. – Myrmecological News, 16: 139–147.
• Seifert B. (2013): Hypoponera ergatandria (Forel, 1893) – a cosmopolitan tramp species different from H. punctatissima (Roger, 1859) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). – Soil Organisms, 85: 189–201.
• Seifert B. et Schultz R. (2009): A taxonomic revision of the Formica rufibarbis Fabricius, 1793 group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). – Myrmecological News, 12: 255–272.
• Seifert B. Buschinger A., Aldawood A.,Antonova V., Bharti H., Borowiec L., Dekoninck W., Dubovikoff D., Espadaler X., Flegr J., Georgiadis C., Heinze J.,Neumeyer R., Ødegaard F., Oettler J., Radchenko A., Schultz R., Sharaf M.,Trager J., Vesnić A., Wiezik M. et Zettel H. (2016): Banning paraphylies and executing Linnaean taxonomy is discordant and reduces the evolutionary and semantic information content of biological nomenclature. – Insectes Sociaux, 63: 237–242.
• Seifert B. et Galkowski C. (2016): The Westpalaearctic Lasius paralienus complex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) contains three species. – Zootaxa, 4132: 44–58.
• Soudek Š. (1922): Mravenci. Soustava, zeměpisné rozšíření, oekologie a určovací klíč mravenců žijících na území Československé republiky. [Ants. Systematics, geographical distribution, ecology and identification key of ants living in the area of the Czechoslovak Republic]. Česká společnost entomologická, Praha, 98 pp. [In Czech]
• Steiner F. M., Schödl S. et Schlick-Steiner B.C. (2002): Liste der Ameisen Österreichs (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), Stand Oktober 2002. – Beiträge zur Entomofaunistik, 3: 17–25.
• Vodka Š., Pech P. et Čížek L. (2010): Faunistic records from the Czech Republic –305. Temnothorax jailensis (Arnoldi, 1977). – Klapalekiana, 46: 237–238.
• Vohralík V. et Werner P. (2016): Mravenci (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Dolního Poohří. Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the Dolní Poohří region (Czech Republic). Klapalekiana, 52: 79–89. [In Czech, with English abstract]
• Wagner H.C., Arthofer W., Seifert B., Muster Ch., Steiner F.M. et Schlick-Steiner B.C. (2017): Light at the end of the tunnel: Integrative taxonomy delimits cryptic species in the Tetramorium caespitum complex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). – Myrmecological News, 25: 95–129.
• Ward P.S., Brady S.G., Fisher B.L. et Schultz T.R. (2015): The evolution of myrmicine ants: phylogeny and biogeography of a hyperdiverse ant clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). – Systematic Entomology, 40: 61–81.
• Ward P.S., Blaimer B.B. et Fisher B.L. (2016a): A revised phylogenetic classification of the ant subfamily Formicinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with resurrection of the genera Colobopsis and Dinomyrmex. – Zootaxa, 4072: 343–357.
• Ward P.S., Brady S.G., Fisher B.L. et Schulz T.R. (2016b): Phylogenetic classifications are informative, stable, and pragmatic: the case for monophyletic taxa. – Insectes Sociaux, 63: 489–492.
• Werner P. et Wiezik M. (2007): Vespoidea: Formicidae (mravencovití). – Pp. 133–164. – In: Bogusch P. et Straka J. et Kment P. [eds] 2007, Annotated checklist of the Aculeata (Hymenoptera) of the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Komentovaný seznam žahadlových blanokřídlých (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) České republiky a Slovenska. – Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, Supplementum, 11: 1–300. [In Czech and English]